Coaster and brake device.



N0 MODEL.

PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

A. P. MORROW.

COASTER AND BRAKE DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1902.

.2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

lliiif IIIIIIAt INVENTFK: @wm @QI PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

A. P. MORROW. ooAsTER AND BRAKE DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

' i INVENTR= @W Q M of the sleeveB upon the axle.

ALEXANDER P. MOR-ROW,

Patented October 2'), 1904.

PATENT EErcE.

OF ELMIRA, NEW YORK.

COASTER AND BRAKE DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0- 773,333, dated October 25, 1904.

Application led August l, 1902.

To @ZZ w/bom, it mary concern.:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER P. MoRRow, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Elmira, in the county of Ohemung and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coaster and Brake Devices, of which the following is a specification.

lThis invention relates to coaster and brake devices, and has for its object to provide an efficient device of few parts and simple construction that is easily assembled and taken apart.

It consists in the device hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section of the device. Fig. 2 is an elevation with parts broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. 3 shows the brake-shell. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line I 4 of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 5 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1. Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive, show parts of the device to bev explained hereinafter; and Fig. l2 is a section on the line 12 12 of Fig. 8.

A represents the axle, which is secured within the rear forks of a bicycle-frame in the usual manner. Upon said axle a sleeve B is revolubly mounted, that has upon its exterior surface the thread I), which is adapted to mesh with the internal thread c upon asecond sleeve C, mounted in turn upon the first sleeve B. The end of the sleeve B terminates in the conical head B', the upper surface of which affords a race for the ball-bearings Z22, upon which one end of the hub is supported and the lower surface of which, in conjunction with the nut E on the axle, makes a race for the ball-bearings b', that support that end A ring b3 and disk b4, set in the sleeve B, are employed to retain the balls in place. The Vsprocketwheel I) is rigidly secured upon the end B of the sleeve B, being held in place by a locknut d. On the other end of the axle-that at the left in Fig. l*a block F is mounted, that in some suitable way is held against rotation, as by an arm Gr. One end. g, of the arm G is represented as cut out, so as to lit upon the seria No. 118,010. (No modem squared end f of the block F in the manner indicated in Fig. l. The other end is secured to the frame of the bicycle in some suitable manner. The arm G is held upon the block F by a nut (not shown) which is screwed upon this end of the axle. This may be the same nut that fastens the axle to the bicycle-frame.

A ring H is locked within the hub X at the end on the right hand of Fig. 'il by lugs 7a. upon its periphery, (see Fig. 8,) which enter corresponding grooves in the inner wall of the hub (see Fig. and constitutes a clutchsurface on Ytliehub. This ring, as seen from the left and right, is represented by Figs. 7 and 8, respectively. As represented in Fig. 7, said ring H has clutch-teeth L upon its left-hand face, adapted to engage with teeth c:s upon the face of the sleeve O opposite to it, and is held against longitudinal movement toward the right by the shoulder upon the sleeve B. Said ring H has also an inwardly-projecting flange it (see Figs. l and 7) at the right hand in Fig. l, whose function willpresently appear. A split ring I, that is elastic, so as to be capable of contracting under pressure and of expanding again when released, lies within the ring H. (See Fig. 9.) The ends of this ring I are somewhat separated from each other, as shown by 3 in Fig. 7, so that it may be contracted. The ring I, moreover, has its outer edge that on the right-hand side in Fig. l-turned outwardly, so as to enter a groove 7a2 in the ring H, which latter is just inside the ange /z on said ring H. Said rings H and I are locked against relative rotation by a tongue 2, that enters a slot 7b3 in the said flange. (See Fig. 8.) The inner edge of the ring I is beveled at i e" (see Fig. 9) to correspond with an internal beveled face c4 on the sleeve C. The depth that the outwardly-turned edge c' of the ring I enters the groove h2 and that the tongue 2 enters the flange /z' is'such that said edge and said tongue will not be withdrawn from said groove and said slot if in said liange, respectively, when said ring I is contracted, and accordingly said rings I and H are always locked together. The ring I projects somewhat beyond the edge of the ring H, so that when the sleeve C is forced inwardly toward the ring H its beveled surface c" will come into contact with the beveled edge vf on the ring l and will cause said ring l to yield under its pressure and to contract until said sleeve C engages with said ring H. WV hen the pressure is removed from the sleeve C, the resiliency of the ring I causes said ring to expand again to its normal position and in so doing to force the sleeve C back out of engagement with the ring H.

The continuous cylindrical shell J (shown in Fig. b) is adapted to be expanded out against the inner surface of the hub, and thereby to act as a brake. This cylindrical shell is slotted from each end alternately, as by the slots j and y". In the forni shown in the drawings there are two diametrically opposite slots extending' from the right-hand end of the shell to near the other end thereof and two other dianietrically opposite slots extending from the left-hand end of the shell to near the right-hand end thereof, (see Fig. 3,) the slots being set at suitable distances apart from each other, which in the drawings is represented as about ninety degrees. The slots are flared near their outer ends, as shown in Fig. 3, to receive wedges. The wedges f f', which lie in the slots 7" y", (see Figs. 2 and 6,) that open on the left with reference to Fig. l, are secured upon the block F. The wedges 7i: for expanding said shell at the other end by entering' the flaring ends of the slots j j at that end of the shell are fixed to an expansible ring K. This ring is represented as divided into two similar parts, each part having secured upon it a half of each of the two wedges, so that when the two divisional parts of the said rings are brought together the halves of the wedges 71: 1, respectively, come together, so that they make two wedges that are adapted to enter the said slots j and j, respectively. The bore of the two-part ring K is shaped to the cylindrical and conical surface c and c, respectively, of the sleeve C and is held thereon by the spring L, which lies within a groove fg in said ring (see Fig. 9) and embraces said two parts of said ring and normally holds them with slight friction upon the sleeve C. The shell J is prevented from being withdrawn from the block F and also from turning upon said block by means of the pins f f in the block F, which lie in the ends of the slots j jin the shell J. The wedges f j, that lie in the llaring ends of the slotsj y", also hold the shell against turning. The divided ring K is non-revoluble because of its connection with the brake-shell J through the wedges attached to said ring; but the brakeshell J is longitudinally movable toward the left in Fig. l with reference to the block F and its wedges ff', the pins f2 sliding in their respective slots when the shell is moved, and the divided ring K is movable longitudinally in the same direction with reference both to the block F and to shell J. Then the said shell J is moved to the left with reference to the block F, the wedgcsf f are forced farther into the flared ends of the slots 7" .7", respectively, thereby expanding the shell from that end, and when the divided ring K is moved to the left with reference to the shell the divided wedges enter farther into the flaring ends of the slotsy'j, respectively, thereby expanding the other end of the shell. The divided ring K is forced to the left by the sleeve C when said sleeve is moved in that direction, and said divided ring in turn forces the shell to the left and upon the wedgesff'. In addition to the expansion of the shell J, caused by the entry of the wedges le into the slots jj, as explained above, the outer inclined surface c on the sleeve C when forced to the left against the corrcsliwonding conical bore f of the ring K causes said ring to expand against the resistance of the spring L at the same time that it is forced to the left, as explained above. As the ring K expands, it forces out the right-hand end of the split shell J, and the parts of the wedges K K, engaging with the edges of the said shell in the said slots, pull open the parts of this end of the shell. It is obvious that the same results will follow if the ring K is split instead of divided into parts. Again, the wedges may be either divided or integral, and if divided they may be divided longitudinally in any proportions, provided the parts are upon adjacent ends of the ring. By this construction a large friction-surface on the sleeve C is brought into engagement with the divided ring K to prevent their slipping and at the same time both the longitudinal and the diametrical thrusts produced by the longitudinal movement of the sleeve C against the ring K are employed to expand the ring. T he slight friction between the divided ring K and the sleeve C is determined by the tension of the spring L, which may be adjusted to give enough friction to cause certainty of movement of the sleeve C on the sleeve B, but yet not to create a detrimental friction during forward driving. Vhen the sleeve C is moved to the right into engagement with the ring H, as described above, the shoulder c2 will engage with the flange l? on the ring K and force said ring back to the left till the wedges f: f; are withdrawn from the slots j y' sufiiciently for the shell to contract to its normal position.

The hub X is revoluble upon ball-bearings f3, located at each end in raceways formed, re-

spectively, between the collar B/ and said hub on the right and the cup F and the hub on the left. A dust-cap f may be employed, as shown.

The operation of the device is as follows: On forward pedaling the sleeve B, actuated by the sprocket-wheel D, moves the screwthreaded sleeve C toward the right. As the sleeve C moves to the right, its beveled sur- IOO IZO

face 0'i first engages the beveled edges t" of the ringI and causes said ring to contract within the ring H, as explained above. Next the clutch-teeth c3 upon the sleeve C engage with the teeth L upon the ring H, (the latter being secured to the hub X and retained against longitudinal movement, as explained above,) thus locking together for forward driving' the inner sleeve B, the longitudinallymovable sleeve C, and the hub X. If now the sprocket-wheel and the sleeve B are stopped and the hub X continues to rotate, said hub will cause the sleeve C to move longitudinally to the left on the threads of the sleevel B, so that the teeth 03 of the said sleeve C will become disengaged .from the teeth 71, on the ring H within the hub. The elastic ring I, which was contracted by the sleeve C as the latter was forced into engagement with the ring H, will assist in dis-engaging the teeth 03 from the teeth H and moving said sleeve C longitudinally to the left as soon as pressure is removed from the sleeve C. Vhen sleeve C is disengaged from ring H, the ring I presses lightly against the sleeve C, thus maintaining such disengagement and preventing accidental movement of sleeve C and` ring H toward each other. I/Vhen the several parts are in the position last described, the device is operated as a coaster. If the sIn-ocket-wheel is now rotated backward, the sleeve C will be forced toward the left in Fig. l, and the inclined surface c will be forced against the correspondingly-tapered surface 71:* in the bore of the ring K. As the sleeve C is forced to the left, so that these surfaces eng'age one with the other, thev ring K is moved longitudinally, so that the wedges f and r are forced into the left and right ends of the said brake-shell, respectively, as explained above. At the same time, when the parts are apportioned for this purpose, the right-hand end of the shell J is further expanded by the expansion of the brake-ring within that end of the shell. As soon as backward pressure upon the sprocket-wheel ceases the spring action of the shell J and the action of the spring' L upon the ring' K tends to force said wedges out of the slots and to relieve the hub from the action of the brake. Vhen the sprocket-wheel is again rotated forwardly, the ring K is forced farther out of the slots J by the shoulder c2 of the ring C. The ring K being held against rotation by its connection with the shell J through the wedges 7c in the slots j' y', respectively, and being -held in frictional engagement with the longitudinally-movable sleeve C, as explained above, is also a retarder to prevent said sleeve C from rotating with the sleeve B.

Among the advantages which the device described above has over other such devices is that both the parts that engage for driving and those that engage for expanding the brakeshell are'located when disengaged close together, so that a very slight movement of the driving mechanism is required to bring them into engagement. The-ring I makes it possible to approach the teeth c upon the sleeve C close to the teeth /t upon the ring H when these parts are disengaged without danger that they will work together or be brought together by any jarring to which the device may be subjected, and the spring-encircled ring K is held securely in the position when it is ready to expand the shell J. Again, the device can be quickly and readily assembled. lt can be made up into live separate sections that can be easily assembled and taken apart and handled. The iirst section comprises the axle'A, block F, with the wedges f j", cup F', cap f", brake-shell J, pinsfz; the second section consists of the hub X; the third section comprises the sleeve C, the ring K, with the wedges a' the spring L; the fourth section comprises the rings H and I, and the fifth section comprises the sleeve B, the sprocket D, the ring L3, the disk bf. These sections are assembled as follows, viz: The ball-bearings f3 are placed in their raceway, and the brakeshell, together with the other parts that comprise the first-mentioned section, is inserted in the hub. The sleeve C, with the other parts that comprise the third-mentioned section, is

then inserted within the hub at the other end and placed so that the wedges /t' 7c lie inside the flaring ends of the slots jj. Next the ring H is placed in the hub, so that thelugs /to lie in the corresponding grooves in the inner wall of the hub. Next the sleeve B is screwed into the sleeve C and the ball-bearings b2 placed in their raceway, and, finally, the ball-bearings are placed in their raceway and the nut E is screwed upon the end of the axle. Se, too, if it becomes necessary to repair or replace one of the parts of the device it is not necessary to take it all apart; but that particular section of which such part is a member can be readily removed with only such y other sections as must be first removed, and none of the other sections besides that which contains the defective part need be taken apart.

What I claim is- 1. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having abraking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub having'a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a wedge adapted to enter said slot longitudinally and thereby to expand said shell against the braking-surface on the hub; an expansible ring within said brake-shell adapted when moved longitudinally to force said Wedge into said slot; and means whereby said ring is moved longitudinal-ly by said driving member-on back pedal- IOD IIO

ing so as to force said wedge into said slot and at the same time said ring is expanded, whereby the shell is expanded against said making-surface.

2. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; arevoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving' member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub having a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; an expansible ring within said brake-shell; a wedge upon said expansible ring adapted to enter said slot in said shell and thereby expand said shell against the ln'aking-surface on the hub; and means whereby said ring is moved longitudinally by said driving melnber on back pedaling so as to force said wedge into said slot and at the same time said ring is expanded, whereb v the shell is expanded against said brakingsurface.

3. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon theaxlehaving abraliing-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving' member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub having a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a divided ring within said brake-shell; a divided wedge upon said divided ring; adapted to enter said slot in said shell and thereby to expand said shell against the braking-surface in the hub; a part of said wedge being attached to each segment of the ring; and means whereby said ring is moved longitudinally by said driving member on back pedaling' so as to force said wedg'e into said slot and at the same time said ring' is expanded, whereby the shell is expanded aga-inst said braking-surface.

4. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub having' a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a wedge adapted to enter said slot longitudinally, and thereby expand said shell against the braking-surface of the hub; a longitudinallymovable sleeve supported by the axle, having its surface tapered toward the end of the slotin the shell; an expansible ring upon said sleeve, having' its bore tapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve and adapted to operate said wedge; and means for moving said sleeve longitudinally, on back pedaling', whereby the shell is expanded.

5. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearing's for said hub; a drivingmember within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving' member; a 'imn-revoluble brake-shell within the hub having a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a longitudinallymovable sleeve supported by the axle, having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell; an expansible ring upon said sleeve having its bore vtapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve; a wedge upon said expansible ring adapted to enter said slot longitudinally, and thereby to expand the shell against the braking-surface of the hub; and means for moving' said sleeve longitudinally, on back pedaling, whereby the sleeve is expanded.

6. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearing's for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub, having a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a longitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle, having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell; a ring upon said sleeve, having' its bore tapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve, and having separable portions; a divided wedge upon said expansible ring adapted to enter said slot longitudinally, and thereby to expand the shell against the braking-surface of the hub, vthe two divisional parts of the wedge being attached to adjacent separable portions of said ring; and means for moving' said sleeve longitudinally on bach pedaling, wl'lereby the sleeve is expanded.

7. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving' member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving' member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub; a longitudinal slot therein open at one end of said shell; a long'itudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle,having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell; a divided ring upon said sleeve, having its bore tapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve; a divided wedge upon said divided ring, adapted to enter said slot in said shell and thereby to expand said shell against the braking-surface on the hub, the two divisional parts of each wedge being' attached to adjacent sections of the ring, and means for moving said sleeve longitudinally on back pedaling, whereby the shell is expanded.

8. In a brake mechanism, thc combination of an axle; arevoluble hub havinga brake-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub; longitudinal slots therein each open at one end only of said hub; a long'itudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle having' its surface tapered to- IOO IZO

swaffdrhheeaidsofii thmidtfinghlil:lshelllaarringf ddvidietlaitditreo @arts'iupen saidislieevee havr ing its bore taperedsto)oihiespdndiiith lsaisl y tapy reclfsu .y ce f( es` eev 'vic ec wec ges upr'iiiws'ifi'c dife enter saidi slot in said shell, and thereby toaeaeparnds'aidl shell against the bralimgi-Tsmrfaiiefthe hub, i the two divisionastrpaaetsIf eaclnwndg'e beingl attached to adjacent sections of the ring; and means for moving said sleeve longitudinally on back pedaling, whereby the shell is expanded.

9.p In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a non-revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub; longitudinal slots therein, open at each end of saidshell; a longitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle, having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell; a divided ring K having a tapered bore zf; thc divided wedges 7': upon said divided ring; and means for moving' said sleeve longitudinally on back pedaling; whereby the shell is expanded.

10. In a brake mechanism the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub;

' a drivingI member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub; a longitudinal slot therein open at one end only of said shell; a longitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell; a divided ring upon said sleeve having its bore tapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve; a wedge upon said divided ring adapted to enter said slot in said shell, and thereby to expand said shell against the brake-surface of the hub, the two divisional parts of each wedge being attached to adjacent sections of the ring', means for moving said sleeve longitudinally on back pedaling whereby the shell is expanded; and means whereby said wedge is withdrawn from said slot on forward pedaling.

11. Ina coaster and brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axlehavinga braking-surface and a clutchsurface; bearings for said hub; adriving member within said hub; a non-revoluble brakeshell within the hub; a longitudinal slot therein open at one end only of said shell; a longitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle having its surface tapered toward the end of the slot in the shell, and adapted to engage the clutch-surface of the hub in forward pedaling; a divided ring upon said sleeve having its bore tapered to correspond with said tapered surface of the sleeve; a divided wedge upon said divided ring adapted to enter said slot within said shell, and thereby to expand esich'slalb against;thed bnalrtgrsulrfase lef; the 1hab athe timdiuisi-onalrnauta oweaeluwelg being attached toadiaeents eeteasrofltha rma; meanseeouneetednrlithrtlie,drivirrarmeehangal rwhert'ehlyqon; foward nuedalinenserblslaevd unused-1in.;Qaeniractiomtonuucamaar ad lnrifbaalmiedalingentesqtheuditeetient farbe Ttheri'vedgegalpen@Saadidivided@ningI aneth@ slots to brake said hub, and when held stationary said hub is free to rotate.

12. In a back-pedaling brake and coaster mechanism the combination of an axle; arevoluble hub upon the axle; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving member; a contractible spring-ring within said hub; a longitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle, and means for moving said sleeve longitudinally on forward pedal-` ing, whereby said ring is contracted within said hub by said sleeve when the parts are in position to drive said hub forward.

13. In a back-pedaling brake and coaster mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle; bearings for said hub; a driving' member within said hub; alongitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle, and having' a conical surface; a contractible spring-ring within said hub adapted to be contracted by said conical surface and means for moving said sleeve longitudinally on forward pedaling, whereby said ring is contracted within said hub by said sleeve when the parts are in position to drive said hub forward.

14. In a bacl-pedaling brake and coaster mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle; bearings for said hub; a drivingmember within said hub; alongitudinally-movable sleeve supported by the axle; a contractible spring-ring' in a support attached to the hub and having a Harige and a longitudinal lug at one end of said ring and the said support having a retaining groove and notch for said ange and ring; the said spring-ring being contracted by said longitudinally-movable sleeve when the parts arc in position for driving the hub forward.

' 15. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub;

IOO

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a driving 4member within said h ub; means for Y drivlng said hub forward by said driving member; a non-revoluble brake-shell within the hub; a longitudinally-movable sleeve revolubly supported upon the axle and movable longitudinally by said driving member to expand said brake-shell; and a non-rotary expansible ring-retarder upon the sleeve and adapted to be expanded thereby.

` 16. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle; a revoluble hub upon the axle having a braking-surface; bearings for said hub; a driving member within said hub; means for driving said hub forward by said driving memon back pedaling, whereby the intermediate devlce 1S caused t0 engage said brakeshell IO and to clutch seid sleeve.

ALEXANDER P. MORROW"l Titnessesz J. C. FERGUSON, RALPH l). VEBSTER. 

